Gould, Theory of the Living Earth

63   This View of Life Natural History 5/97  

process in Manuscript F (in the Institut de France):

Because the center of the natural gravity of the earth ought to be in the center of the world, the earth is always growing lighter in some part, and the part that becomes lighter pushes upwards, and submerges as much of the opposite part as is necessary for it to join the center of its aforesaid gravity to the center of the world; and the sphere of the water keeps its surface steadily equidistant from the center of the world.

Leonardo must then find a general mechanism for lightening one hemisphere, while making the other heavier--and he succeeds with two principles, both based on erosion by water: one mode operating in the earth's interior, the other at


Leonardo's mechanism for the rising of mountains: the upper hemisphere becomes lighter when a large mass of earth falls to the center of the planet.

the earth's surface. In the interior, internal veins of water carve out caverns, which eventually become unstable. Their tops finally collapse, and enormous blocks of lock fall all the way to the center of the world. There, the blocks distribute themselves about the center with approximately equal volume in each hemisphere--thus adding weight to one


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